First Circle:
Area:
Upper Hell, Limbo, where those
that led virtuous lives but were unsaved dwell
Located In Cantos: IV
Icons:
Classical poets, Homer, Ovid, Lucan, and Horace; characters from the Aeneid such as Aeneas and Lavinial; the
mathematician Euclid, and Ptolemy, the Astronomer
Events:
-Dante’s consciousness is restored upon hearing a clamor of
thunder, and he realizes he has made it across the river Acheron to see down
into a valley which contains the first circle of hell—Limbo, which contains the
souls of those who were virtuous in the living world but were unbaptized,
and/or were born before the second covenant of Christ .
-Virgil himself resides in Limbo, but is given leave to guide
Dante
-Virgil informs Dante of the Old Testament figures who were given
divine permission to leave Limbo for heaven: Moses, Noah, and others Christ
presented with amnesty upon His descent into the underworld during the period
between his death and resurrection or the Harrowing of Hell.
- Dante and Virgil
encounter a group of approaching men. Virgil introduces them to Dante as the
classical poets Homer, Ovid, Lucan, and Horace.
-Dante and Virgil are led by these poets of
antiquity to a castle with seven walls. Here, Dante sees the souls the
philosophers Aristotle, Socrates, and Plato; he also sees characters from the Aeneid such as Aeneas and Lavinial; and
he sees the mathematician Euclid and Ptolemy the Astronomer
-Dante is guided out of the castle into darkness.
Punishment/ Contrapasso:
Unbaptized/ virtuous pagans – struck with grief from a lack of god’s
presence
Allusions, Devices, Metaphors, Similes:
Harrowing of Hell, when Christ descends in the days between his death and
resurrection; Aristotle, “the Philosopher.”
Area:
Upper Hell, Limbo, where those
that led virtuous lives but were unsaved dwell
Located In Cantos: IV
Icons:
Classical poets, Homer, Ovid, Lucan, and Horace; characters from the Aeneid such as Aeneas and Lavinial; the
mathematician Euclid, and Ptolemy, the Astronomer
Events:
-Dante’s consciousness is restored upon hearing a clamor of
thunder, and he realizes he has made it across the river Acheron to see down
into a valley which contains the first circle of hell—Limbo, which contains the
souls of those who were virtuous in the living world but were unbaptized,
and/or were born before the second covenant of Christ .
-Virgil himself resides in Limbo, but is given leave to guide
Dante
-Virgil informs Dante of the Old Testament figures who were given
divine permission to leave Limbo for heaven: Moses, Noah, and others Christ
presented with amnesty upon His descent into the underworld during the period
between his death and resurrection or the Harrowing of Hell.
- Dante and Virgil
encounter a group of approaching men. Virgil introduces them to Dante as the
classical poets Homer, Ovid, Lucan, and Horace.
-Dante and Virgil are led by these poets of
antiquity to a castle with seven walls. Here, Dante sees the souls the
philosophers Aristotle, Socrates, and Plato; he also sees characters from the Aeneid such as Aeneas and Lavinial; and
he sees the mathematician Euclid and Ptolemy the Astronomer
-Dante is guided out of the castle into darkness.
Punishment/ Contrapasso:
Unbaptized/ virtuous pagans – struck with grief from a lack of god’s
presence
Allusions, Devices, Metaphors, Similes:
Harrowing of Hell, when Christ descends in the days between his death and
resurrection; Aristotle, “the Philosopher.”